What is Gastric Sleeve (Stomach Reduction) Surgery?
Gastric sleeve surgery (sleeve gastrectomy) is a bariatric surgical method used in the treatment of morbid obesity, where a significant portion of the stomach is surgically removed to reduce its volume. This procedure limits the stomach's capacity, thereby reducing food intake, and also lowers the levels of the ghrelin hormone, which regulates appetite. When performed by experienced surgeons, this surgical technique offers a high success rate in achieving long-term weight loss and improving obesity-related health conditions.
Who Is Eligible for Gastric Sleeve Surgery?
Gastric sleeve surgery (sleeve gastrectomy) is typically suitable for individuals with a body mass index (BMI) over 40 or those with a BMI between 35 and 40 who suffer from serious obesity-related health issues such as diabetes or hypertension. It is also an appropriate treatment option for patients who have been unable to lose weight through traditional methods like diet and exercise and whose quality of life is negatively affected by obesity. Prior to surgery, a comprehensive medical evaluation is conducted, and the decision for the procedure is made by a specialized team based on the patient's overall health, lifestyle, and individual needs.
What Are the Advantages of Gastric Sleeve Surgery?
Weight Loss: Gastric sleeve surgery reduces stomach volume, limiting food intake. This results in feeling full with smaller portions and achieving rapid weight loss.
Improvement in Obesity-Related Health Issues: Symptoms of obesity-related conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and sleep apnea significantly improve after surgery.
Minimally Invasive Surgery (Laparoscopic Method): This procedure is performed through small incisions, which accelerates the recovery process and minimizes the risk of complications such as infections.
Preservation of the Digestive System: Unlike gastric bypass surgeries, gastric sleeve surgery does not cause major alterations in the digestive system. As a result, there is no significant loss in nutrient absorption.
Permanent Weight Management: When supported by healthy lifestyle habits, the weight loss achieved after surgery can be maintained in the long run, allowing patients to sustain effective weight control.
What Are the Risks of Gastric Sleeve Surgery?
- Bleeding: It may occur at the suture line during or after surgery.
- Infection: Although rare, there is a risk of infection even in small incisions.
- Leakage Risk: Leakage from the stomach's suture line may occur.
- Nutritional Deficiencies: Patients may experience deficiencies in vitamins and minerals.
- Anesthesia Risks: Allergic reactions or respiratory complications may arise.
How Is Gastric Sleeve Surgery Performed?
Gastric sleeve surgery is a minimally invasive procedure performed using the laparoscopic method. During the surgery, 75-80% of the stomach is removed, reshaping it into a sleeve-like structure. This reduces stomach capacity and lowers the levels of ghrelin, the hormone responsible for appetite regulation. The procedure is performed under general anesthesia and typically takes around one hour. Since it is done through small incisions, the recovery process is faster and smoother.
How Long Does Gastric Sleeve Surgery Take?
Gastric sleeve surgery typically takes 60 to 90 minutes. Since it is performed using the laparoscopic (minimally invasive) method, the procedure is relatively short, allowing for a faster recovery. However, the duration may vary depending on the patient's health condition and the surgeon's assessment.
Things to Consider After Gastric Sleeve Surgery
- ✅Diet Plan: Start with a liquid diet in the first few weeks, then gradually transition to pureed and soft foods. Follow your dietitian's guidelines strictly.
- 💧Hydration: Drink water regularly to prevent dehydration, but avoid consuming large amounts at once.
- 🩺 Vitamin & Mineral Supplements: Take the recommended supplements as prescribed by your doctor to prevent deficiencies.
- 🍽 Eat Slowly & Mindfully: Consume small portions, chew thoroughly, and eat slowly to aid digestion.